What is the essence of "support by fire" in military operations?

The essence of "support by fire" in military operations involves providing suppressive fire to enable a maneuvering force to advance or maneuver against the enemy effectively. This tactic focuses on allowing friendly troops to engage the enemy while being afforded a tactical advantage, typically from a position that offers cover. The process involves coordinating firepower—whether from infantry, artillery, or other support elements—to suppress or neutralize enemy capabilities, thereby creating opportunities for maneuver units to operate more freely without facing immediate retaliation.

This approach emphasizes the integration of firepower with ground movement, utilizing the element of surprise and the protection of terrain to support strategic advances. By employing "support by fire," commanders can control the battlefield more effectively while minimizing risk to their forces, enhancing the overall effectiveness of military operations.